Dampak Pengembangan Pariwisata terhadap Kehidupan Sosial Budaya dan Ekonomi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36276/mws.v2i1.30Keywords:
SOSIAL, BUDAYA, ekonomiAbstract
Pada visi pariwisata Indonesia tahun 2005, pariwisata nasional dicanangkan menjadi penghasil devisa utama. Namun pembangunan dan pengembangan kepariwisataan membawa konsekuensi yaitu timbulnya dampak sosial budaya. Peranan pariwisata dalam pembangunan negara pada garis besarnya berintikan tiga segi, yaitu segi ekonomis, segi sosial dan segi kebudayaan. Tiga hal yang berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan sosial yang disebabkan dari pariwisata, yaitu: 1. Polarization of The Population, 2. Breakdown of The Family, 3. Development of The Attitudes of a Consumption-Oriented Society; Incident of Phenomena of Social Pathalogy. Pengaruh pariwisata terhadap kebudayaan terjadi karena suatu proses akulturasi antara kebudayaan masyarakat dengan kebudayaan para wisatawan. Dari sisi ekonomi, pariwisata merupakan industri multi komponen, tidak dapat dilepaskan dengan sektor ekonomi lain. Pemasukan tidak hanya dari uang yang dibelanjakan, melainkan juga menarik modal asing. Pariwisata adalah usaha padat karya (labour intensive), menciptakan tenaga kerja di sektor lain. Dalam pengembangan kepariwisataan nasional faktor ekonomis sering menjadi pertimbangan utama dari pengambil keputusan untuk mengembangkan potensi kepariwisataan. Pertimbangan ini kadang lebih ditonjolkan dari pada pertimbangan moral dalam artian kemungkinan pariwisata memiliki dampak sosial yang negatif.
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