An Analysis of Consumer Preference for Madeleines Made with Wheat Flour and Sorghum Flour
Keywords:
Preference Level, Sorghum Flour, Wheat Flour, MadeleineAbstract
This study aims to analyse consumer preference levels for madeleines prepared using two different types of flour, namely wheat flour and sorghum flour. The method employed in this research involved a hedonic test and a paired sample t-test. A total of 30 respondents were involved in evaluating both types of madeleines based on aspects such as taste, aroma, colour, texture, and appearance. The hedonic test was conducted to measure the respondents’ level of preference toward each madeleine sample. The respondents’ assessments were statistically analysed using the paired sample t-test to determine whether there was a significant difference in preference levels between wheat flour madeleines and sorghum flour madeleines. The analysis applied in this study was quantitative. The variables measured included taste, aroma, colour, texture, and appearance. The results of the study indicated that the average preference score for sorghum flour madeleines was higher than that for wheat flour madeleines. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that consumers preferred madeleines containing sorghum flour over those made with wheat flour.
References
Andri. (2023). Sorgum: Pangan Alternatif Pengganti Beras. Di akses dari https://fkm.unair.ac.id/2023/10/23/sorgum-pangan-alternatif-pengganti-beras/?utm_source=chatgpt.com, 8 September 2025.
Astawan, M. (2015). Potensi sorgum sebagai bahan pangan fungsional. Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan, 26(1), 1 12. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2015.26.1.1
Enriquez, M., & Gollub, E. A. (2023). Snacking patterns and their nutritional implications: A systematic review. Journal of Nutrition and Health Sciences, 10(3), 112–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnhs.2023.112
Farrah, S. D., Emilia, E., Purba, R., Ingtyas, F. T., & Marhamah, M. (2022). The Effect of Wheat Flour Substitution with Sorghum Flour (Sorghum bicolor, L) on Consumers' Preference Levels for Cookies. Media Pendidikan, Gizi, dan Kuliner, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/boga.v11i1.46341
Fitriani, D., Karnita, I., & Metrasari, A. (2023). The Use of Brown Rice Flour as a Substitute for Wheat Flour in the Production of Madeleine Cake. The Journal Gastronomy Tourism, 10(1), 41-52. https://dicasdadraanamaria.com/artigos/arrozintegral.pdf
Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 23 (8th ed.). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Haryadi. (2018). Teknologi pengolahan pangan: Prinsip dan aplikasi dalam inovasi produk. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Hess, J. M., & Slavin, J. L. (2018). The benefits of defining “snacks.” Physiology & Behavior, 193(Pt B), 284–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.03.014
Hess, J. M., Jonnalagadda, S. S., & Slavin, J. L. (2016). What is a snack, why do we snack, and how can we choose better snacks? A review of the definitions of snacking, motivations to snack, contributions to dietary intake, and recommendations for improvement. Advances in Nutrition, 7(3), 466–475. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.115.009571
Humas. (2022). Pengolah Biji Sorgum Mejadi Tepung Temodifikasi Sebangai Bahan Pangan. Di akses dari https://uts.ac.id/2022/01/20/pengolah-biji-sorgum-mejadi-tepung-temodifikasi-sebangai-bahan-pangan/?utm_source=chatgpt.com, 8 September 2025.
Kaluku, K., Junieni, J., Mahmud, M., & Ruaida, N. (2023). Faktor yang mempengaruhi kebiasaan ngemil terhadap prestasi belajar dan status gizi (studi literatur). Global Health Science, 8(2), 69-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/ghs8204
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Kusumaningrum, A. E., Tamaroh, S., & Fitri, I. A. (2025). Physical properties, antioxidant activity, and preference level of snack bars made from a composite flour of sorghum, mung bean, and purple yam: Sifat fisik, aktivitas antioksidan dan tingkat kesukaan snack bar berbahan baku tepung komposit sorgum, kacang hijau dan uwi ungu. JITIPARI (Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi dan Industri Pangan UNISRI), 10(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.33061/jitipari.v10i1.10406
Meilgaard, M., Civille, G. V., & Carr, B. T. (2007). Sensory evaluation techniques (4th ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439832271
Meilgaard, M., Civille, G. V., & Carr, B. T. (2007). Sensory evaluation techniques (4th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439832271
Myhre, J. B., Løken, E. B., Wandel, M., & Andersen, L. F. (2015). Meal types as sources for intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish, and whole grains among Norwegian adults. Public Health Nutrition, 18(11), 2011–2021. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014002810
Purwani, E., Rukmi, D. K., & Wulandari, R. (2021). Pengembangan sorgum sebagai bahan pangan alternatif pengganti gandum. Agritech: Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, 41(4), 389–397. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.65842
Ratnawati, L., Widiastuti, I., & Hidayati, N. (2019). Diversifikasi pangan lokal berbasis sorgum: Kajian gizi dan teknologi. Jurnal Pangan, 28(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v28i1.467
Ruland, M. (2023). The role of madeleines in French food culture: A literary and culinary analysis. International Journal of Food Studies, 12(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.7455/ijfs.2023.12.1.45
Sari, M., & Ayuningsasi, R. (2020). Peran tepung terigu dalam industri pangan Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pangan, 31(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2020.31.2.101
Setyaningsih, D., Apriyantono, A., & Sari, M. P. (2010). Analisis sensori untuk industri pangan dan agro. IPB Press.
Setyaningsih, D., Apriyantono, A., & Sari, M. P. (2010). Analisis sensori untuk industri pangan dan agro. Bogor: IPB Press.
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Susilawati, S., Surdianto, Y., Erythrina, E., Bhermana, A., Liana, T., Syafruddin, S., ... & Taufik, E. N. (2023). Strategic, Economic, and Potency Assessment of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Development in the Tidal Swamplands of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Agronomy, 13(10), 2559. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102559
Susilowati, L. E., Ramadhan, D., & Siregar, H. (2023). Ketergantungan impor gandum Indonesia: Dampak dan strategi ketahanan pangan. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Pembangunan, 20(3), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.22146/jep.2023.210
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Heni Susilowati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
