Community Participation in Heritage Preservation in the Kesawan Area of Medan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36276/mws.v22i1.708Keywords:
Heritage Preservation, Community Participation, Kesawan Medan, Tourist AttractionAbstract
The utilization of heritage buildings in downtown Medan's Kesawan area has become a prime tourist attraction developed by the Medan City Government. Sustainable preservation of cultural heritage is crucial due to its significant benefits for the local community. Before the government's development, Kesawan appeared rundown with many abandoned, vandalized buildings and homeless people occupying them. Qualitative research gathered information through observation, literature study, and interviews with residents, government officials, heritage experts, and site managers. The study found that the Medan city government and related departments did not comprehensively supervise heritage preservation. The Irritation Index (Irridex) theory revealed that the community felt euphoria, showing they were pleased with tourists. Using SWOT and MOA analyses, Tosun's typology indicated that community participation was induced and passive, needing encouragement from the government, trusted representatives, and structured involvement.
References
Abdul Aziz, N. A., Mohd Ariffin, N. F., Ismail, N. A., & Alias, A. (2023). Community Participation in the Importance of Living Heritage Conservation and Its Relationships with the Community-Based Education Model towards Creating a Sustainable Community in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site. Sustainability, 15(3), 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031935
Ahmad. (2020). Manajemen Strategis. Nass Media Pustaka.
Aladag, O. F., Köseoglu, M. A., King, B., & Mehraliyev, F. (2020). Strategy implementation research in hospitality and tourism: Current status and future potential. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 88, 102556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102556
Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A Ladder Of Citizen Participation. Journal of the American Planning Association, 35(4), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225
Bitušíková, A. (2021). Cultural heritage as a means of heritage tourism development. Muzeológia a Kultúrne Dedičstvo, 9(1), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.46284/mkd.2021.9.1.5
Choguill, M. B. G. (1996). A ladder of community participation for underdeveloped countries. Habitat International, 20(3), 431–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0197-3975(96)00020-3
Dewi N, & Supriharjo. (2013). Kriteria Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pelestarian Kawasan Cagar Budaya (Studi Kasus: Kawasan Cagar Budaya Peneleh, Surabaya). JURNAL TEKNIK POMITS Vol. 2, No. 2.
Dewi, N., & Supriharjo, R. (2013). Kriteria Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pelestarian Kawasan Cagar Budaya. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/152258-ID-kriteria-partisipasi-masyarakat-dalam-pe.pdf
Doxey, G. (1975). A causation theory of visitor-resident irritants: Methodology and research inferences. Https://Scholar.Google.Com/Scholar_lookup?Title=A%20causation%20theory%20of%20visitor-Resident%20irritants%3A%20Methodology%20and%20research%20inferences&publication_year=1975&author=G.%20Doxey.
Fitri, I., Ratna, Marisa, A., & Sitorus, R. (2020). Challenges for Heritage Conservation and Management in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 452(1), 012047. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/452/1/012047
gwthi.com.my. (2022). George Town Heritage Celebrations.
Hadinugroho, D. L. (2017). Kajian Model Revitalisasi Kawasan Heritage Kesawan Medan. Seminar Ikatan Peneliti Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia, B045–B052. https://doi.org/10.32315/sem.1.b045
Hung, K., Sirakaya-Turk, E., & Ingram, L. J. (2011). Testing the Efficacy of an Integrative Model for Community
Participation. Journal of Travel Research, 50(3), 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510362781
Ismail, M. (2013). Local community involvement in cultural heritage management: a case study of Melaka Heritage Trail, Malaysia.
Jayantha, W., & Yung, E. (2018). Effect of Revitalisation of Historic Buildings on Retail Shop Values in Urban Renewal: An Empirical Analysis. Sustainability, 10(5), 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051418
Kalmar. (2010). Applied Cultural Heritage: How Telling the Past at Historic Sites Benefits Society. Unesdoc.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2022, January). Pentingnya Kolaborasi Pemangku Kepentingan dalam Pelestarian dan Pelindungan Warisan Budaya.
Lachapelle, P. R., & Austin, E. K. (2014). Community Participation. In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (pp. 1073–1078). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_471
Li, J., Krishnamurthy, S., Pereira Roders, A., & van Wesemael, P. (2020). Community participation in cultural heritage management: A systematic literature review comparing Chinese and international practices. Cities, 96, 102476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.102476
Marchand, F., Mey, K., Debruyne, L., D’Haene, K., Meul, M., & Lauwers, L. (2010). From individual behavior to social learning: Start to a participatory process towards sustainable agriculture. 670–682.
Merciu, F.-C., Cercleux, A.-L., Merciu, G.-L., & Secăreanu, G. (2021). Evaluation of the Economic Values of the Heritage Buildings in the Historical Center of Bucharest Municipality (pp. 159–175). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50676-6_13
Naheed, S., & Shooshtarian, S. (2022). The Role of Cultural Heritage in Promoting Urban Sustainability: A Brief Review. Land, 11(9), 1508. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11091508
Oladeji, S. O., Grace, O., & Ayodeji, A. A. (2022). Community Participation in Conservation and Management of Cultural Heritage Resources in Yoruba Ethnic Group of South Western Nigeria. SAGE Open, 12(4), 215824402211309. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221130987
Otero, J. (2022a). Heritage Conservation Future: Where We Stand, Challenges Ahead, and a Paradigm Shift. Global Challenges, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202100084
Otero, J. (2022b). Heritage Conservation Future: Where We Stand, Challenges Ahead, and a Paradigm Shift. Global Challenges, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202100084
Pavlić, I., & Portolan, A. (2016). Irritation index. In Encyclopedia of Tourism (pp. 495–495). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_564
Pretty, J. N. (1995). Participatory learning for sustainable agriculture. World Development, 23(8), 1247–1263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(95)00046-F
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Jaafar, M., Ahmad, A. G., & Barghi, R. (2017). Community participation in World Heritage Site conservation and tourism development. Tourism Management, 58, 142–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.10.016
Sandra Pelegrini. (2008). Encyclopedia of Archaeology.
Sayed, R. (2017). Promoting Local Community Integration In World Heritage Site Planning: George Town, Penang, Malaysia Malaysia Sustainable Cities Program, Working Paper Series 1 Promoting Local Community Integration In World Heritage Site Planning: George Town, Penang, Malaysia Promoting Local Community Integration In World Heritage Site Planning: George Town, Penang, Malaysia, Malaysia Sustainable Cities Program, Working Paper Series 2.
Schönherr, S., Bichler, B. F., & Pikkemaat, B. (2023). Attitudes not set in stone: Existential crises changing residents’ irritation. Tourism Management, 96, 104708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104708
Strategy&. (n.d.). Travel and Tourism. Https://Www.Strategyand.Pwc.Com/M1/En/Strategic-Foresight/Sector-Strategies/Travel-and-Tourism.Html.
Tosun, C. (1999). Towards a typology of community participation in the tourism development process. Anatolia, 10(2), 113–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.1999.9686975
Triska, S. (2018). Upaya Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Di Situs Gampong Pande Kota Banda Aceh. Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry.
UU RI No.11. (2010). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2010.
Vu Hoang, K. (2021). The benefits of preserving and promoting cultural heritage values for the sustainable development of the country. E3S Web of Conferences, 234. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123400076
Zhang, J., Xiong, K., Liu, Z., & He, L. (2022). Research progress and knowledge system of world heritage tourism: a bibliometric analysis. Heritage Science, 10(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-022-00654-0
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Susy Christina Banjarnahor, Marciella Elyanta, Abdul Kadir Ritonga
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
